Ophthalmic Education:

International Curriculum Guidelines on Medical Student Education in Ophthalmology: 10. Intraocular Tumors

On this page:

• i) Retinoblastoma***
  
  
• ii) Uveal Melanoma***
  
  
• iii) Other Intraocular Tumors***
  
  
• Competencies
  
  
• Educational Priorities

The International Council of Ophthalmology Task Force on Medical Student Education in Ophthalmology

Draft, September 16, 2003

I. Retinoblastoma***

1. Knudson?s two-hit hypothesis
   
2. Genetics
   
   1. 13q14 deletion
      
   2. heritable vs sporadic
3. Clinical
   
   1. leukokoria
      
   2. strabismus
4. Treatment
   
   1. non-surgical
      
   2. surgical (enucleation)
5. Differential diagnosis
   
   1. ROP
      
   2. Coats? disease
      
   3. PHPV

II. Uveal Melanoma***

1. Most common primary Intraocular malignancy
   
2. Variants
   
   1. iris
      
   2. ciliary body
      
   3. choroidal
3. Clinical
   
   1. asymptomatic vs symtomatic
      
   2. pigmented vs amelanotic
      
   3. prognosis
      a. size
      b. cell type
4. Treatment
   
   1. non-surgical
      
   2. surgical (enucleation)
5. Differential diagnosis
   
   1. nevus
      
   2. metastastis to eye
      
   3. retinal detachment

III. Other Intraocular Tumors***

1. Lymphoma-primary large cell lymphoma vs manifestations of systemic lymphoma
   
2. Metastasis-carcinomas in adults vs leukemia in children

Competencies

• Student should
  • Assess for red reflex with flashlight/penlight*
    
  • Assess for strabismus with Hirshberg test.*
    
  • Obtain history to determine for risk factors for retinoblastoma*
    
  • Detect retinal detachment/intraocular tumor on fundus exam of adult***

Educational Priorities

In the listing above, essential ophthalmic knowledge and clinical eye care skills are marked with a single asterisk *. This material is basic for all international medical student education.

Information that reflects a greater level of understanding is marked with two asterisks**.

Areas of cognitive and clinical skills that are more appropriate for students who seek further training in ophthalmology are marked with three asterisks***.

While important to ophthalmic care, the Task Force does not regard the cognitive or skill set designated ** or *** as essential to the basic curriculum of most international medical students.

Next: 11. Cornea and External Disease

Also see:

• Introduction to the "International Curriculum Guidelines on Medical Student Education in Ophthalmology"
  
  
• Table of Contents for the Curriculum
  
  
• Education of Medical Students in Ophthalmology